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    Storage

    Two storage backends: AWS S3 and Vercel Blob. Either (or both) can be enabled. Payload CMS uses whichever is available for media uploads.

    AWS S3

    AWS_REGION=us-east-1
AWS_ACCESS_KEY_ID=AKIA...
AWS_SECRET_ACCESS_KEY=...
AWS_BUCKET_NAME=my-bucket

    Enables S3_ENABLED. Uses presigned URLs for uploads.

    Vercel Blob

    VERCEL_BLOB_READ_WRITE_TOKEN=vercel_blob_...

    Enables VERCEL_BLOB_ENABLED. Zero-config if you're on Vercel.

    How It's Used

    • Payload CMS media — uploads go to whichever storage is configured (@payloadcms/storage-s3 or @payloadcms/storage-vercel-blob)
    • File service — src/server/services/file.ts handles file operations
    • S3 service — src/server/services/s3.ts for direct S3 operations

    The FILE_UPLOAD_ENABLED flag is true when either S3 or Vercel Blob is configured.

    Key Files

    FilePurpose
    src/server/services/s3.tsS3 client + presigned URL generation
    src/server/services/file.tsFile upload/download logic
    src/server/actions/file.tsFile server actions
    src/payload.config.tsPayload storage adapter config